Improvement in coal-stoves



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. B. TREADWELL.

Coal Stoye, No. 40,132. Patented Sept. 29, 1863..

Witnesses: 1211617301:

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2 Sheets-SheetQ. W. B. TREADWELL.

Coal Stove.

No! 40,132. Patented Sept. 29, 1863.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Oirrrcn.

w. n. TnnAnwnLL, on ALBANY, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN COAL-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40.132, dated September29, 1863.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, W. B. TREADWELL, of Albany, in the county of Albanyand State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Supply-(JylinderOoalStove and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figures 1 and 2represent vertical diametrical sections through the stove, taken inplanes at right angles to each other. Fig. 3, Sheet 2, isa horizontalsection through the stove at the point indicated by red line or a; inFig. 1, showing the parts below the supplycylinder. Fig. 4, Sheet 2, isa front elevation of the arched fire-brick. Fig. 5 is a bottom view ofFig. 4. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the vibrating rake detached fromits grate,

the latter being shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a perspective View of theagitator detached from the supply-cylinder. Fig. 8 is an enlargedsectional View of the mica-frame. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of thefire-brick protector.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in thatclass ofcoal-burning stoves which are denominated baseburners, from thefact that all the combustion takes place at the bot-tom of a body ofcoal, which gradually descends as it is burned away, and thus keeps up aconstant supply to the fire as long as any coal remains in the stove.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

. It will be seen by reference to Figs. 1, 2, and 3 that my stove isconstructed of a cylindrical form, the lower half, A, being madesomewhat larger than the upper half, A, in order to givea symmetricalshape and neatness Within the lower portion, A, I have arranged thefire-pot B, which is of the form of the frustum of a hollow coneinverted, and surrounding the upper edge of this firepot is a ring, a.which closes the top of the chamber B around the fire-pot, the bottom ofwhich chamber is formed by means of a similar ring, a, as shown in Figs.1 and 2. Below the fire-pot and the chamber surrounding it is theash-pit O, and below this ash-pit is the chamber D, which communicateswith the main draft-pipe I). Surrounding the tirepot B are four verticalflues, E E,'which form communications between the flaringtop of thefire-pot B and the chamber D at the base of the stove and when theascending draftis cut off by means of the damper-valve 7) near the topof the stove all the products of combustion which rise from the fire-potpass over the rim of this pot and descend through the pipes E intochamber D, from whence they are carried upward through pipe D, andfinally escape into the chimney through the central pipe, 0.

On top of the rim, or ring a rests the arched I fire-brick F, which isshown clearly in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and which will be explainedhereinafter, and Within the circular opening through the fire brick, isplaced a short flan ged cylinder, d, its cylindrical portion enteringthe fire-brick opening, and its flange portion proj ectin g a shortdistance over the upper surface of the fire-brick. The object of thisflanged cylinder is to protect the edge and inner surface of thefire-brick, and also to afford a smooth surface, over which the coalwhich is contained in the upper part of the stove may easily slide astheir coal descends into the fire-pot. This portion d, therefore, servesas a protector to the fire-brick, forming a partial inside lining forthe sameinside as well as on top.

WVithin the upper or reduced portion A of the stove I have arranged acylinder, Gr, having a flaring or funnel-shaped top, which extends up tothe top of the stove, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The lower end of thiscylinder G is centered within cylinder A and kept in this position bymeans of the brackets a, one of which is shown in Fig. 1. These bracketsmay be formed upon the outer casing, A, or upon a ring encircling thestove within this casing or they may be formed on the feed-cylinder Gand have their bearings upon stops formed on the inner surface of theplates, constituting the outer casing of the stove. For all ordinarypurposes three of these brackets e, placed at equal distances apartaround the cylinder G, will answer, though more may be used ifnecessary. The bottom of the feed-cylinder G is equal in diameter to thecentral opening through the fire-brick F, and this cylinder rests uponthe fire-brick, or, rather, upon the flange of the protector d, as shownin Figs. 1 and 2.

Surrounding the feed-cylinder G, which is to contain and to supply coalto the fire-pot beneath it, is a chamber, H, and at or near the top ofthis chamber is a short pipe, g, which communicates with the upperend ofthe vertical flue D, and when the valve 1), which is in pipe 9, isopened, the products of combustion ascend from the fire-pot through thearches in the fire-brick F through the chamber H and pass out at thepipe g, thus taking in their passage through the stove a directlycontrary course to that which they take when this damper-valve isclosed.

The fire-brick Fconsists of arched spaces h h and vertical spaces h h,corresponding in numher to the vertical flues E, and so located withreference to these flues that the heated air and products of combustionwill be drawn over the rim of the fire-pot, through arches h h of thefire-brick, (damper I) being closed,) and down into the chamber D at thebottom of the stove, and thence carried off through the vertical flue D.But when the damper b is open and the draft is upward, the products ofcombustion will enter the chamber H through. the spaces h h and h h inthe fire-brick. In this 4 manner I am enabled to secure both the up- Thebricks which form the arches h h may be made of one or more pieces, andshould be set in place before the top casin g of the stove is put on.The opening through the center or the fire-brick is equal in diameter tothe interior diameter of the supply or feed cylinder G, but at thebottom of this cylindrical opening the solid portions of the brick (oneach side of the arches) are beveled downward and outward so as to givea graduallycontracted opening from the top edge of the firepot to thebottom edge of the supply-cylinder, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Hence thecoal will find no obstructions in entering the tire-pot as it isgradually burned away therein.

The illuminating-door J is closed by means of a door which is composedof a strip of mica secured to the frame of the door by a strip,f, whichoverlaps the edges of the mica, and which is riveted or otherwisesecured to the frame of the door. The door itself has a tongueprojecting from its inside face, which enters a corresponding groovethat is formed in the edge of the dooropening J of the stove when thedoor is closed. This Will make a closely-fittin g joint, through whichneither air can enter nor ashes escape. The door is hinged on one sideand secured when closed by means of a nut, i, and screw-stem j, as shownin Fig. 8.

Many difficulties are found to exist in burning bituminous coalsuccessfully in stoves, growing out of the cohesive nature of the coalwhen under the influence of heat and gases while burning. The coal underthese influences will cohere and lodge in the feed-cylinder andsometimes become very hard, and it left in this way the fire will goout. To obviate these difficulties I construct an agitator, L, shown inFigs. 1, 2, and 7, which is best made in the form of a wheel or thesegment of a wheel, with points or teats m m formed upon its sides. Thisagitator is hung on a shaft, 12, which passes through the feed-cylinder,and is allowed to project ashort distance from the outer casing of thestove to receive a handle, by which it can be revolved, and, beinglocated near the bottom of the feed-cylinder, in the midst of the coals,and at the point where cohesion is most likely to take place, thisagitator, upon being rotated, will break up the cohering mass and keepthe lower end of the bed of coals in a proper condition to supply thefire and to burn.

K is the grate, upon which the coals in the fire-pot will lie. Thisgrate is arranged at the bottom of the fire-pot and pivoted to the same,so that it may be tilted over for discharging the contents of thefire-pot. Grate K is flat, with circular concentric openings 19 1)through it, as represented in Fig.3, and to the center of this grate Iattach a vibrating rake by means of a bolt, r, about which the rakevibrates. This rake consists of a number of solid or hollow prongs s s,which are attached to radial arms t t, and which project up through thecircular openings in the grate an inch or so, and the rake is vibratedby means of a lever which is passed into the hole in the projectingportion 12. The circular bars w, which are shown in Fig. 6 attached tothe arms of the rake, are intended as braces for these arms.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as an improvement insupplycylinder base-burning stoves is- 1. Constructing the fire-brick Fwith horizontal arched opening-s h h and vertical openings hh,"communicatin g therewith, substantially in the manner and for thepurposes described.

2. Arranging the fire-brick F with its arched openings in such arelation to the flue H, surrounding the supply-cylinder G, and thedescending flues E E, surrounding the firepot, that either a descendingor ascending draft may be obtained by regulating the single-damper Valveb, substantially as set forth.

3. The cylindrical flanged metallic lining d, in combination with thefire-brick F, constructed substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

4. The circular plate-grate K,'constructed with concentric openingsthrough it, in combination with vertical fingers s s of acireularlyvibrating rake, substantially as described.

5. Constructing the illuminatin g-door frame with a tongue on its innersurface and the door-box J, with a corresponding groove on its ranged atthe point where the combustion of the fuel takes place most rapidly, andis supported directly or indirectly by the fire-pot B and the cylinderA, substantially as described.

8. The combination and arrangement of fluespace H, supply-cylinder G,chamber B, fines E E, chamber D, fire-pot B, and arched firebrick liningF, the whole operating substantially as described.

W. B. TREADWELL.

Witnesses:

JOHN S. PERRY, F. VAN EMBURGH.

